L2

Constraint Elimination

条件消元

Logic / 逻辑推理
Grades G4 - G8
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What It Looks Like

Recognition signals — when you see these, think of this structure:

  • 1Several clues or conditions given
  • 2Who/which/where logic puzzle
  • 3Need to determine one valid arrangement
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What It Really Tests

The core mathematical idea behind this structure:

Use given conditions one by one to rule out impossible options until only the answer remains.

逐个使用已知条件排除不可能的选项, 直到只剩答案。

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Why Students Get Stuck

Common mistakes to watch out for:

  • Trying to hold all conditions in mind without writing them down
  • Not recording eliminations systematically
  • Jumping to conclusions too fast
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Your First Step

How to begin thinking about problems with this structure:

Turn all conditions into a table or organized list, then eliminate row by row.

把所有条件整理成表格, 然后逐行排除。

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Try a Problem

G5Difficulty: 2/5

Three friends — Amy, Ben, and Cara — sit in a row of three seats (left, middle, right). Amy does not sit in the middle. Ben does not sit on the left. Cara sits to the right of Amy. Who sits in the middle?

A. Amy
B. Ben
C. Cara
D. Cannot determine
💡 Show Solution & Key Insight

Answer

B

Explanation

Amy is not in the middle. If Amy is on the right, Cara cannot be to her right (no seat). So Amy is on the left. Cara must be to Amy's right: middle or right. Ben cannot be on the left (Amy is there). So Ben is in the middle or right. Since Cara must be right of Amy, and there are two seats right of Amy (middle and right), but Ben also needs a seat. Testing: Amy-left, Ben-middle, Cara-right satisfies all conditions.

Key Insight

Apply constraints one by one, eliminating impossible configurations systematically.

Common Wrong Path

Trying to solve it all at once in your head without writing down the constraints.

Related Structures

These structures share similar patterns or thinking approaches: